[ QUANTUM COMPUTER ] THE RACE OF QUANTUM SUPREMACY.

QUANTUM COMPUTER

In today's era, it has become impossible to think without a Computer. Why don't we take any field, such as space exploration, any kind of research in the medical field and in long calculations, the use of computers is necessary everywhere. We have not only reduced its size to the smallest in the last few decades but also increased its computation power. We can take an example from this when the first computer was built, its size was as big as one room and today it is in our palms as a smartphone. Even our present-day smartphones are far ahead of the computing power of previous computers and their storage capacity is also very large. It is not that today's computers and smartphones do not have limitations. According to today's expectations, computers sometimes fall behind. In some complex calculations, the calculation speed of these processors lags far behind. And then to solve this problem we need to have a "Quantum Computer".

Quantum Computers are computers that use "Quantum Beat" or "QBit" to perform calculations. Now one thing will be in our mind that what is a "QBit"? In simple language, whatever operations or work is done in our present-day computers, our computers only understand them by "0" and "1". Which we call Binary Code. And that's why we call computers of this type as Binary Computers. Similarly, Quantum Computers use "QBit" for calculations.

QUANTUM COMPUTER EXPLAINED

                                      QUANTUM COMPUTER EXPLAINED

Let us understand this in easier language. The processor uses transistors to perform any task in a binary computer. All transistors are always in on state or off state. The ON state is considered "1" and the OFF state is considered "0" in the Binary Bits. Whatever command we give the computer for running a program or algorithm, the computer converts all the commands into 0 and 1 and performs the task

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The Binary Computer always gives the answer "1" or "0" by using the condition of "0" or "1" at a time. But in the case of Quantum Computers, it is a little different. The Quantum Computer uses "QBit". These Qbit have an extra function which is not present in Bit. 

Actually, in the case of Bit, the information exists in only two states, either "0" or "1". But in the case of QBit, the information is in state "1" or state "0" or "in-between 0 and 1" and the state is called "SUPERPOSITION". So the advantage is that a developer can check [if "0"] condition, [if "1"] condition or both [if "0" and "1"] condition.

To understand this, we take an example of a coin. If we hoist a coin upwards, then the probability of head or tail is only 50%. The result may be head or tail. But in the case of Quantum Bit, the result can be head, it can be a tail, or it can be both head and tail unless and until it observes. The exact proof is found in the Schrodinger's Cat Experiment.

QUANTUM SUPREMACY

            QUANTUM COMPUTER

Quantum Supremacy is a word proposed by John Preskill in 2012. He was a professor of Theoretical Physics at the California Institute of Technology. John Preskill said that a time will come in the future when Quantum Computing will be able to prove it is better than the Classical Supercomputer. We can theoretically say that with the help of quantum computing there is a lot of possibilities between "0" to "1", but its practical application was not so developed as before today. But it has happened to some extent. Right now there are many companies working on Quantum Computing.

QUANTUM COMPUTER GOOGLE

In the University of California (Santa Barbara) a group of researchers of Google has claimed to have developed a processor that took 200 seconds (3.20 Minutes) to solve a calculation that would have to take 10,000 years by a Classical Supercomputer.

GOOGLE QUANTUM SUPREMACY 

For Quantum Supremacy, we have been increasingly using QBit. The use of more QBit is not so easy and Quantum Computer Price is also very high. The more QBit used, the more noise will be found in the result. Recently Google announced that it had an experiment using "72 QBit", which was the most number of  QBit ever used successfully. Before this, the most number of used QBit was in the name of Quantum Computer IBM, which was the use of “50 QBit”.

QUANTUM COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Quantum Computing can bring much bigger and unimaginable changes from beyond our thinking. The biggest impact of quantum computing will come in Artificial Intelligence. With the help of quantum computing, we can advance Machine Learning even better, we can process large data and can solve lengthy calculations in a very short amount of time. The most important thing is that we will be able to Explore Space a lot further by using a quantum computer.